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Joint Pain Options
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Ankle
pain
treatments
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Arthritis
treatment
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Back Pain treatment
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Elbow pain
treatment
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Foot pain treatment
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Groin pain
treatment
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Head-Neck Pain
treatment
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Hip pain treatment
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Knee pain treatment
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Rib pain
treatment
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Shoulder pain
treatment
The Injections
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Comprehensive Prolotherapy
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Prolotherapy Treatments
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Prolotherapy and Diabetes
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Painless Prolotherapy
injections
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Whole body Prolotherapy
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Prolozone
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P2G phenol
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Neural Therapy
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How many injections?
Your Questions
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Immune system
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Autoimmune disease
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Obesity and Prolotherapy
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Does Prolotherapy Work?
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Hormones Therapy
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Prolotherapy not working
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Prolotherapy Cost
The Research
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Meniscal Tears and Degeneration
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Regeneration of Articular Cartilage
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Long-term NSAIDs
side-effects
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Prolotherapy research links
Bone Marrow / Stem Cell
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Bone Marrow for articular cartilage
Prolotherapy and
Medications
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Motrin
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Advil
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Cortisone research
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Cortisone shots
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Cortisone injections
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Synvisc
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Neurontin and Elavil
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Pain Management
Medications
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Prescription narcotics
for pain
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Use of pain killers
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Aspirin and Coumadin
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Painkillers
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Connective Tissue
In order to understand just how
Prolotherapy helps
relieve chronic ligamentous and
tendon pain, it is necessary to know just what
makes up these structures.
Collagen is the major
component of most connective tissues and constitutes approximately 25 percent of
the protein in mammals. For practical purposes the physical behavior of
ligaments and
tendons is mostly dependent on their main component, collagen, and
the ground substance in which the collagen fibers find themselves-water and
Proteoglycans. The cells and the connective tissue structures in which the cells
find themselves (water, collagen, and proteoglycans) are the key components to
understanding
Prolotherapy, inflammation, and healing.
The Connective Tissue Cells
The majority of cells in connective tissues, such as muscle, fascia, ligaments,
tendons, and
cartilage, are
fibroblasts and
chondrocytes. Fibroblasts synthesize
collagen and proteoglycans in the muscles, fascia, ligaments, and tendons;
whereas,
chondrocytes (see research paper) are involved in the formation of
cartilage.
Fibroblasts and
chondrocytes (see research paper) are considered stable cells in that they normally
do not replicate often, but can regenerate connective tissue and cartilage at a
rapid rate in response to a stimulus.
The connective tissue cells (fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and osteocytes from
bone) that secrete the connective tissue matrix are quiescent (quiet) in adult
mammals. However, all proliferate in response to injury, and fibroblasts, in
particular, proliferate widely, constituting the connective tissue growth in
response to inflammation.
This concept is vital to understanding
Prolotherapy. The collagen in ligaments,
for example, is thought to remain relatively inert metabolically with a
half-life on the order of 300 to 500 days. This is a turnover rate even slower
than bone collagen.
This means that half of the collagen contained in ligaments and tendons is
produced only every one to one and a half years.
Of course, if the body sustains an injury or receives Prolotherapy this all
changes. Both the original injury and Prolotherapy stimulate the inflammatory
process, specifically fibroblast and chondrocyte proliferation.
If fibroblasts, for example, were not encouraged to replicate it would take them
one to one and a half years to repair half of the ligament and tendon injury
every time an athlete was injured.
Fortunately, fibroblasts and chondrocytes can be stimulated to replicate at a
much faster rate by both the original injury and Prolotherapy. |
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Ross
Hauser M.D.
Caring
Medical and Rehabilitation Services |
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Ask Dr. Hauser
About Prolotherapy
Dr. Hauser is one of the leading
experts in the treatment of chronic pain and sports injuries with
Prolotherapy.
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